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Cake day: July 1st, 2023

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  • The methods of salmonella mitigation, storing eggs from vaccinated chickens unwashed at room temp or storing washed eggs in the refrigerator, have roughly equal outcomes. There are still many egg-related salmonella outbreaks across Europe each year, roughly equivalent to the US. One method is not superior to another as far as outcomes, they’re just two different systems that already exist and therefore are unlikely to change without a good reason





  • Early voting in the US as we know it today, meaning going to a polling place to cast your vote in-person prior to election day, started in Texas in 1987 and spread to other states from there. Every state has its own specific rules regarding how long the early voting period lasts, and other aspects like how long polling places are open each day may even be left up to local governments.

    Where I’m at in Texas, we have some early voting locations that stay open until 10pm, even on weekends. I’ve never had to wait more than 20 minutes to vote (and usually less) since I started voting in the 2000 election. We have 12 days to vote before election day, and even a website with real-time updates on wait times at each polling place across the county.

    The drawback is there are fewer voting sites open during early voting, so people with transportation barriers will have to expend effort to get there, but you can do so on whatever day works for your schedule. On election day itself, way more polling sites are open, so there’s likely to be a site within walking distance or a short drive in denser areas, but lines are much longer than during the early voting period, and many people have to work because it’s a Tuesday and not a holiday

    Also, Mississippi, Alabama, and New Hampshire have no early voting and pretty much require everyone in the entire state to vote on election day.


  • The word ultimately derives from a Dravidian language – possibly Tamil நாரம் nāram or Telugu నారింజ nāriṃja or Malayalam നാരങ്ങ‌ nāraŋŋa — via Sanskrit नारङ्ग nāraṅgaḥ “orange tree”. From there the word entered Persian نارنگ nārang and then Arabic نارنج nāranj. The initial n was lost through rebracketing in Italian and French, though some varieties of Arabic lost the n earlier.

    The word “orange” entered Middle English from Old French and Anglo-Norman orenge. The earliest recorded use of the word in English is from the 13th century and referred to the fruit.