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7LeagueBoots 3y ago Edited 3y ago Profile Badge for the Achievement Top 1% Commenter >Top 1% Commenter Take a look at Kindred: Neanderthal Life, Love, Death and Art by Rebecca Wragg Sykes. This a good, comprehensive place to start.

She compiles the current (as of a couple of years ago now) state of knowledge and lays it out clearly and well.

The upshot is that no, there is no real evidence to indicate that Neanderthals were any less intelligent than H. sapiens. They appear to have been at least our intellectual equals. Their societies and evolutionary path differered a bit, that’s the main difference, and even that’s not such a big thing.

Her list of references that went into the book is immense, and is not printed with the book due to space constraints (it’s a 61 page list). She has the full set of references available on her site as a link to a Google Document you can download if you want to browse the original sources she used in writing the book.