Migratory freshwater fish have declined by an estimated 81% since 1970 yet remain largely overlooked in global conservation policy. At the latest meeting of the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), a new assessment identified 325 species worldwide in urgent need of coordinated protection.

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Some of those journeys are truly extraordinary: The dourada (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) undertakes the longest-known freshwater migration on Earth, making roundtrip treks of up to 11,600 kilometers (7,000 miles) between the Andes mountains and Amazon estuary.